[56], Local citizens were outraged by the actions of the Danites and other Mormon bands. When McBride held out a hand, Rogers cut it off with a corn knife, then may have further mangled his body while McBride was still alive. On May 6, 1842, Boggs was shot in the head at his home three blocks from Temple Lot. Despite an attempt by the Mormons to parley, the mob attacked. General Parks arrived with the Ray County militia on October 6, but his order to disperse was ignored by the mob. The question of whether or not Mormons should be allowed to settle in the county was placed on the August 6 ballot; a heavy majority favored expulsion of the Mormons. This triggered a brawl between the bystanders. The 1838 Mormon War, also known as the Missouri Mormon War, was a conflict between Mormons and non-Mormons in Missouri from August to November 1838, the first of the three "Mormon Wars". Exaggerated initial reports indicated that nearly all of Bogart's company had been killed. Also, the War Maniac investment under the Advanced Arms Category can increase your troop attack. [57] According to one witness, "We could stand in our door and see houses burning every night for over two weeks the Mormons completely gutted Daviess County. "[48][49], On October 9, A C Caldwell returned to De Witt to report that the Governor's response was that the "quarrel was between the Mormons and the mob" and that they should fight it out.[48]. Even militia commanders such as Clark, Doniphan, and Atchison who were sympathetic to the Mormons came to see a military response as the only way to bring the situation under control.[74]. [50] Boggs, however, ignored this plea and continued to wait as events unravelled. [27] Two days after Rigdon preached his Salt Sermon, 80 prominent Mormons including Hyrum Smith signed the so-called Danite Manifesto, which warned the dissenters to "depart or a more fatal calamity shall befall you." We'll get more acquainted with Steve and learn more about his background. Smith's followers, commonly known as Mormons, began to settle in Jackson County in 1831 to "build up" the city of Zion. New converts to Mormonism continued to relocate to Missouri and settle in Clay County. In Livingston County, a group of armed men forced Asahel Lathrop from his home, where they held his ill wife and children prisoner. This is not a forum for general discussion of the article's subject. Reynolds discovered a revolver at the scene, still loaded with buckshot. 17 June . Tensions rose in Clay County as the Mormon population grew. Gen. Doniphan's Recollections of the Troubles of that Early Time. 17 church members 15 men and two boys were killed by 240 militiamen/vigilantes at Haun's Mill in Caldwell County. [25][26], At the same time Mormons, including Sampson Avard, began to organize a secret society known as the Danites, whose purposes included obeying the church presidency "right or wrong" and expelling the dissenters from Caldwell County. King, on charges of treason, murder, arson, burglary, robbery, larceny and perjury. Jacob Stollings, a Gallatin merchant, was reported to have been generous in selling to Mormons on credit, but his store was plundered and burned with the rest. [48] Soon after the "Extermination Order" was issued, vigilantes attacked an outlying Mormon settlement and killed . In an effort to keep the peace, Alexander William Doniphan of Clay County pushed a law through the Missouri legislature that created Caldwell County, Missouri, specifically for Mormon settlement in 1836. [11], Mormon petitions and lawsuits failed to bring any satisfaction: the non-Mormons in Jackson refused to allow the Mormons to return and reimbursement for confiscated and damaged property was refused. Coming on the heels of news from Daviess County, these reports from the mouths of dissenting Mormon leaders seemed to confirm the Missourians' worst fears. Stripped of their property, the Mormons were then given a few months to leave the state. Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints live freely and happily among their neighbors, sharing smiles and goodwill with everyone they see. According to Latter Day Saint witness Reed Peck, when Smith was told that the Mormons would be expected to leave the state, he replied that "he did not care" and that he would be glad to get out of the "damnable state" anyway. "[58], The Missourians evicted from their homes were no better prepared than the Mormon refugees had been. Contents 1 Background 2 Compromise breaks down, 1838 3 Salt Sermon and Danites 4 The Election Day Battle at Gallatin 5 Mormons expelled from De Witt 6 Daviess County expedition 6.1 Marsh affidavit 7 Battle of Crooked River DeVoto, Bernard (2000). Sheriff Morgan was ridden through town on an iron bar, and died shortly afterward from the injuries he suffered during the ride. Ironically, as a result of his kindness, he was the only Mormon who was positively identified to have participated in the home burnings. [59], Many Latter Day Saints were greatly troubled by the occurrences. The soldiers also turned their horses into our fields of corn.[92][93]. Major General Samuel D. Lucas marched the state militia to Far West and laid siege to the Mormon headquarters. [120], Whatever the case, the following year Rockwell was arrested, tried, and acquitted of the attempted murder,[118] although most of Boggs' contemporaries remained convinced of his guilt. The list 1838 Mormon War includes Charles C. Rich, Sampson Avard, George M. Hinkle, . [1] In Daviess County, where Whigs and Democrats had been roughly evenly balanced, Mormon population reached a level where they could determine election results. With one child in each arm, she waded across an icy creek to safety in Adam-ondi-Ahman. Thomas McBride surrendered his rifle to Jacob Rogers, who shot McBride with his own gun, then mangled his body with a corn knife while he was still alive. Ironically, as a result of his kindness, he was the only Mormon who was positively identified to have participated in the home burnings. The Missouri Argus published an editorial on December 20, 1838, that public opinion should not permit the Mormons to forcibly be expelled from the state: They cannot be driven beyond the limits of the statethat is certain. This is how it was explained in a letter to US Army Colonel R. B. Mason of Ft. Leavenworth: While the state militia gathered, Missourian vigilante parties continued to act on their own, driving Latter Day Saints inward to Far West and Adam-ondi-Ahman. They asked if the rumor was true and demanded that he sign a document disavowing any connection to the vigilance committees. The refinement, the charity of our age, will not brook it.[113]. In August-November 1838, Mormons and their "Gentile" Missourian neighbors clashed in the Mormon War of 1838. AbeBooks.com: The 1838 Mormon War in Missouri (Volume 1) (9780826207296) by LeSueur, Stephen C. and a great selection of similar New, Used and Collectible Books available now at great prices. The group arrived just before dawn and when they were discovered, fighting soon began. The Missourians and their families, outnumbered by the Mormons, made their way to neighboring counties. Despite an attempt by the Mormons to parley, the mob attacked. The 1838 Mormon War, also known as the Missouri Mormon War, was a conflict between Mormons and non-Mormons in Missouri from August to November 1838, the first of the three Mormon Wars. [1], Meanwhile, a group of non-Mormons from Clinton, Platte, and other counties began to harass Mormons in Daviess County, burning outlying homes and plundering property. Mormon leaders appealed to the state legislature to overturn the requirement that they leave the state, but the legislature tabled the issue until a date well after that when the Mormons would have left the state. Eventually, the large portion of the Mormons regrouped and founded a new city in Illinois which they called Nauvoo. Initial reaction by Missourians was mixed. We'll get more acquainted with Steve and learn more about his background. One contemporary critic of the Mormons wrote: Mormonism is a monstrous evil; and the only place where it ever did or ever could shine, this side of the world of despair, is by the side of the Missouri mob. [79], None of the Missourians were ever prosecuted for their role in the Haun's Mill Massacre. Once they were established in a county of their own, a period of relative peace ensued. [26][28][29], On July 4, Rigdon gave an oration, which was characterized by Mormon historian Brigham Henry Roberts as a "'Declaration of Independence' from all mobs and persecutions". 1) June-July 1838: The Danites served as internal regulators, intimidating (and expelling) dissenters from Far West, Missouri, as well as regulating efforts to consecrate properties and voting patterns among the Saints. To William Wines Phelps, a fellow Latter-day Saint and witness to the events, Hinkle wrote: "When the facts were laid before Joseph, did he not say, 'I will go'; and did not the others go with him, and that, too, voluntarily, so far as you and I were concerned?"[93][94]. [36], When about thirty Latter Day Saints approached the polling place, a Missourian named Dick Weldon declared that in Clay County the Mormons had not been allowed to vote, "no more than negroes." With peace restored, Smith's group returned to Caldwell County. [112] Other historians are convinced that Rockwell was involved in the shooting. It won the best book award for the Mormon History Association. On the Mormon side, Gideon Carter was killed in the battle and nine other Mormons were wounded, including Patten, who soon after died from his wounds. . [13], Forcefully deprived of their homes and property, the Latter-day Saints temporarily settled in the area around Jackson County, especially in Clay County. As the year went on, there were a number of armed conflicts between Mormons and Missourians. Of the Missourians, only one, Moses Rowland, was killed. [89], Joseph Smith Jr attempted to negotiate with Lucas, but it became clear that Lucas considered his conditions to be non-negotiable. This is the talk page for discussing improvements to the 1838 Mormon War article. When events in Daviess County caused Missourians to see the Mormon community as a violent threat, non-Mormon public opinion hardened in favor of a firm military response. Siege of Far West and capture of church leaders. William Bowman, one of the guards, was dragged by his hair across the town square. Lilburn Boggs, as a Jackson county resident, and as Lieutenant Governor, was in a position to observe and assist in executing the tactics described by one Mormon historian: In 1833 Boggs passively saw community leaders and officials sign demands for Mormon withdrawal, and next force a gunbarrel contract to abandon the county before spring plantinganti-Mormon goals were reached in a few simple stages. This triggered a brawl between the bystanders. Sheriff Morgan was ridden through town on an iron bar, and died shortly afterward from the injuries he suffered during the ride. If teachers do not have optimistic attitude toward children with special educational needs, meaningful education for them is far-fetched. [119] Other historians are convinced that Rockwell was involved in the shooting. [84][85] Colonel Hinkle stated that the Latter Day Saints would help bring to justice those Mormons who had violated the law, but he protested that the other terms were illegal and unconstitutional. Answer (1 of 3): Original question: What was the cause of the Mormon War? Mormon was the name of a prophet from that record who edited religious writings of people who originally came from Jerusalem at about 600 B.C. You might be referring to the 1838 Mormon War, a localized conflict between pro-slavery old time Missouri settlers and rapidly increasing numbers of converts to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, who were mos. John C. Bennett, a disaffected Mormon, reported that Smith had offered a cash reward to anyone who would assassinate Boggs, and that Smith had admitted to him that Rockwell had done the deed. It won the best book award for the Mormon History Association. News of the battle quickly spread and contributed to an all-out panic in northwestern Missouri. Sometimes, it's also called the Missouri Mormon War. [57] Even Mormon leader Parley P Pratt conceded that some burnings had been done by Mormons. Publish Date: Apr 01, 1987. The Missourians had the advantage of position and fired, but the Mormons continued to advance. "[60] Some Latter Day Saints claimed that some of the Missourians burned their own homes in order to blame the Mormons. The Missourians had the advantage of position and fired, but the Mormons continued to advance. [56], When a Mormon band plundered and burned the Taylor home, one young Mormon, Benjamin F Johnson, argued his fellow vigilantes into leaving a horse for a pregnant Mrs Taylor and her children to ride to safety. Although county officials could only legally act within the county, this judge authorized Hinkle to defend Latter-day Saint settlements in neighboring Daviess County.[54]. [35] Reminding Daviess County residents of the growing electoral power of the Mormon community, Peniston made a speech in Gallatin claiming that if the Missourians "suffer such men as these [Mormons] to vote, you will soon lose your suffrage." William Bowman, one of the guards, was dragged by his hair across the town square. Today, Mormonism is one of the most widely accepted religions in the US. The premeditated assault left seventeen Mormon men and boys dead and more than a dozen others wounded. A number of Missourians left the scene to obtain guns and ammunition and swore that they would "kill all the Saints they could find, or drive them out of Daviess County, sparing neither men, women or children". Back in 1987, Steve wrote an amazing book called The 1838 Mormon War in Missouri. [31], In the speech, Rigdon declared that the Latter-day Saints would no longer be driven from their homes by persecution from without or dissension from within, and that if enemies came again to drive out the Saints, "And that mob that comes on us to disturb us, it shall be between us and them a war of extermination; for we will follow them until the last drop of their blood is spilled; or else they will have to exterminate us, for we will carry the seat of war to their own houses and their own families, and one party or the other shall be utterly destroyed". Tensions between the members of the Latter-day Saints and neighboring settlers, who took issue with certain . [86] Other Latter Day Saint witnesses remembered that Smith said to "beg like a dog for peace". Public opinion has recoiled from a summary and forcible removal of our negro population;much more likely will it be to revolt at the violent expulsion of two or three thousand souls, who have so many ties to connect them with us in a common brotherhood. A company under the command of Captain Samuel Bogart was ordered to patrol the no-man's land between Ray and Caldwell Counties, in an effort to stop armed persons from Caldwell County from invading Ray County. The soldiers shot down our oxen, cows, hogs and fowls, at our own doors, taking part away and leaving the rest to rot in the streets. I was surprised to find out he was mapping Mormon history sites in Missouri as an undergrad. [17] They had also founded the Caldwell County town of Far West as their Missouri headquarters. [20], In the eyes of many non-Mormon citizens (including Alexander Doniphan),[11] these settlements outside of Caldwell County were a violation of the compromise. If after looking through it you still have unanswered questions . ", http://web.archive.org/web/20110427055325/http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/dbroadhu/MO/Miss1881.htm, Office of the Secretary of State of Missouri 1841, http://web.archive.org/web/20110515042529/http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/dbroadhu/MO/Miss1838.htm, http://www.cumorah.org/libros/ingles/Regional_Studies_in_LDS_History_Missouri_-_Various_authors.html#29423, "The Extermination Order and How it was Rescinded", http://web.archive.org/web/20110526042751/http://www.jwha.info/mmff/exorder.htm, http://www.sos.mo.gov/archives/resources/findingaids/miscMormRecs/eo/19760625_RescisOrder.pdf, http://www.boap.org/LDS/Early-Saints/JWhitmer-history.html, http://www.mormonhistoricsitesfoundation.org/publications/studies_spring_01/MHS2.1Black.pdf, "Regional Studies in latter-day Saint History: Missouri", http://www.cumorah.org/libros/ingles/Regional_Studies_in_LDS_History_Missouri_-_Various_authors.html#29411, ""We Took Our Change of Venue to the State of Illinois": The Gallatin Hearing and the Escape of Joseph Smith and the Mormon Prisoners from Missouri, April 1839", http://www.mormonhistoricsites.org/publications/studies_spring_01/MHS2.1Baugh.pdf, http://books.google.com/books?id=_izMO9Xdq2UC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false, http://www.amazon.com/Mormon-Conflict-Norman-Furniss/dp/B004CPPDWO/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1302193763&sr=8-2, "Facts Relative to the Expulsion of the Mormons or Latter Day Saints, from the State of Missouri, under the "Exterminating Order"", http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/NCMP1820-1846&CISOPTR=2834&REC=16, "Missouri's 1838 Extermination Order and the Mormons' Forced Removal to Illinois", http://www.mormonhistoricsitesfoundation.org/publications/studies_spring_01/spring_01.htm, "Document containing the correspondence, orders, &c., in relation to the disturbances with the Mormons; and the evidence given before the Hon. 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